西安石油大学学报（社会科学版）

基于2012—2023年中国A股上市公司样本数据，运用双向固定效应实证检验了新质生产力对企业劳动力结构影响及作用机制。研究表明：新质生产力可以显著提高企业劳动力结构高级化，在经过替换解释变量、剔除负盈利企业、处理离群值和缩短时间跨度稳健性检验后仍然成立。由机制检验可知，新质生产力可以通过提高企业全要素生产率促进企业劳动力结构高级化。异质性分析表明，新质生产力对东中西部企业、劳动密集型和技术密集型企业劳动力结构优化程度更加显著。

Based on the sample data of Chinese A-share listed companies from 2012 to 2023,the influence and mechanism of new quality productivity on the labor force structure of enterprises were empirically examined by using the bidirectional fixed effect.The results show that new quality productivity can significantly enhance the upgrading of the labor force structure in enterprises, which is still true after replacing the explanatory variables, eliminating the negative profit enterprises, dealing with outliers, and shortening the time span robustness test.It can be known from the mechanism test that the new quality productivity can promote the upgrading of the enterprise's labor force structure by improving the total factor productivity of the enterprise.Heterogeneity analysis indicates that new-quality productivity has a more significant effect on the optimization of the labor structure in enterprises in the eastern, central and western regions, as well as in labor-intensive and technology-intensive labor enterprises.